ABSTRACT
Background: Sexual problems have different effects on the life of people by influencing their interpersonal and marital relationships and satisfaction. Relationship between sexual dysfunctions and infertility can be mutual. Sexual dysfunction may cause difficulty conceiving but also attempts to conceive, may cause sexual dysfunction
Objective:This paper compares sexual dysfunction in fertile and infertile women
Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 110 infertile couples referring to Montasarieh Infertility Clinic and 110 fertile couples referring to five healthcare centers in Mashhad were selected by class cluster sampling method. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire and Glombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction. Data were analyzed through descriptive and analytical statistical methods by SPSS
Results: There was no significant difference in total score of sexual problems and other dimensions of sexual problems [except infrequency] in fertile 28.9 [15.5] and infertile 29.0 [15.4] women. Fertile women had more infrequency than infertile women [p=0.002]
Conclusion:There was no significant difference between fertile and infertile women in terms of sexual problems. Paying attention to sexual aspects of infertility and presence of programs for training of sexual skills seems necessary for couples
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis are major health dilemmas. Osteoporotic patients frequently display vascular calcification that consequently increases the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relation of osteoporosis, vascular calcification [atheroma, intima-media thickness [IMT]] and elongated styloid process [ESP] in a sample of osteoporotic and normal female individuals
Materials and Method: This study recruited 78 women who were assessed for bone mass density [BMD]. Sample included individuals with normal BMD [n=13, 17%], osteopenia [n=36, 46%], and osteoporosis [n=29, 37%]. The presence of atheroma and IMT was examined using color Doppler ultrasonography [CD-US]. In addition, digital panoramic radiographs [PRs] were obtained to assess ESP
Results: In this study, 55 subjects [70%] with low BMD exhibited at least one side ESP. Femoral BMD decreased significantly in subjects with ESP [p= 0.03]. Bilateral ESP was correlated with the presence of atheroma [p= 0.029]. The CIMT was greater in patients with ESP, although the relation was not significant
Conclusion: The obtained data suggest referring the aged individuals with ESP for BMD assessment and individuals with low bone mass and ESP for more cardiovascular risk assessment
ABSTRACT
Background: Neuro-Behcet’s disease (NBD) is similar to multiple sclerosis (MS) in multiple aspects. This study was conducted to investigate the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values for the 2005 revised McDonald MRI criteria for the diagnosis of MS and NBD. Methods: This study enrolled 28 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of NBD and 48 patients with a diagnosis of clinically definite MS, who were referred to the Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, between March 2009 and March 2010. Brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were obtained. Two Radiologists, blinded to clinical diagnosis, reviewed the MRI. We investigated the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values of the 2005 revision of the McDonald criteria for dissemination in space for the diagnosis of MS and NBD. Results: There were a total of 10 men and 38 women with a mean age of 32.76±7.5 years, with a diagnosis of MS, and 18 men and 10 women with a mean age of 26.8±5.9 years with a diagnosis of parenchymal NBD. The interobserver agreement for the diagnosis of MS using the 2005 revision of the McDonald criteria for dissemination in space with the use of the Cohen kappa scores was 0.82. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values were 80%, 61%, 71.5%, 77% and 64%, respectively. Conclusion: The accuracy and specificity of the McDonald criteria for dissemination in space for the differentiation of MS and NBD are not optimal.
ABSTRACT
Natural disasters occur in communities and sometimes led to tragic disasters. In the meantime, earthquakes are the most surprising one, which becomes a human tragedy in the absence of community prevention and preparedness, and have a destructive effect on human beings, habitat and the community directly and indirectly. This study aims to answer this question how to take proper managing of relief operations; and to explore and identify the strengths and weaknesses points of relief operations management by asking directors' and officers' point of views of Red Crescent society and its branches involved in relief working to the affected people in Eastern Azerbaijan. In this qualitative study, managers, deputies and heads of branches were selected and studied in the affected areas of Eastern Azerbaijan [Varzeqan, Ahar and Harris] in 2012. Using purposive sampling, data was collected and analyzed by content analysis and in-depth interviews technique. The reliability coefficient was C. [R=0/71]. The results show that attendance time of relief workers category was appropriate than others categories in carrying out relief operations of Red Crescent society in East Azerbaijan and other categories were very inappropriate/low inappropriate/somewhat inappropriate. According to the results, a crisis management committee including different organizations and agencies are required to plan properly for the way to deal with disasters and relief working, and timely and equitable of facilities distribution. In one hand, this planning should be at the macro level between all agencies and organizations including military and armed forces, ministries [roads and transportation, power, telecommunications, health care, etc.], municipality, councils and governors, county, and Red Crescent society. On other hand, this planning should be at the micro-level [coordination between various parts of Red Crescent society] inside Red Crescent society and in form of a protocol job description defined clearly
ABSTRACT
Postpartum period is often associated with decreased marital satisfaction in couples. The present study aimed to investigate factors contributing to marital satisfaction in primiparous women during postpartum period. This correlational study was performed on 104 primiparous women who referred to health care centers, Mashhad, Iran in 2013, 8 weeks after delivery, to receive health care services. Convenient sampling was the method of choice, and data collection tools included Nathan H. Azarin marital satisfaction questionnaire, stress, anxiety and depression scales [DASS-21], and demographic and fertility-related questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16, and statistical tests of Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson correlation coefficient. The mean score of women's marital satisfaction was 65.37 +/- 17.4. There was a significant inverse correlation between duration of marriage [r=-0.246, P=0.01], women's age [r=-0.203, P=0.03] and husband's age [r=-0.219, P=0.02] with marital satisfaction. Also a significant relationship was seen between the onset of sexual intercourse after childbirth [r=0.268, P=0.006] and frequency of intercourse per week [P=0.001] with marital satisfaction. Additionally, there was a significant inverse correlation between depression [r=-0.414, P=0.001], anxiety [r=-0.27, P=0.004], and stress [r=-0.203, P=0.03] with marital satisfaction. The age of women and their spouses, the duration of marriage, the onset and frequency of sexual intercourse after delivery, stress, depression, and anxiety are factors contributing to females' marital satisfaction in postpartum period. As marital satisfaction affects the health of couples and families, it is therefore recommended to increase females' marital satisfaction during the postpartum period through recognizing the related factors and planning appropriate interventions
ABSTRACT
Androgenic alopecia is one of the most common dermatological disorders. Hormonal and genetic factors determine the incidence of alopecia, j Androgenic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss. It is progressive and symmetric in both sexes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of androgenic alopecia in 14- to 18-year-old female high school students in Shiraz. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3190 14- to 18-year-old female high school students in Shiraz. A questionnaire was designed to collect personal information and record clinical features of androgenic alopecia. Moderate and severe hair losses were defined as alopcia. For evaluation of alopecia associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, total and free testosterone blood levels were measured and abdominal ultrasound was performed. The collected data were described and analyzed through performing chi-square, Fisher's exact and and t tests using SPSS. 135 [4.2%] of participants had moderate to severe alopecia according to Ludwig's classification. No statistically significant correlation was observed in the mean of eather total or free testosterone levels between patients with androgenic alopecia, and those without [P>0.05]. There was no statistical significant association between alpocia and polycystic ovary existence [P=0.2]. This study did not show a statistically significant relationship between patients with alopecia and androgenic hormones and polycystic ovary syndrome